Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co. (London, publisher, 1889–1911)

Formed in November 1889 by a major three-way merger of Trübner & Co., Kegan Paul, Trench & Co., and Redway & Co. The firm operated as a Victorian and Edwardian publishing powerhouse, expanding deeply into esoteric topics, occult literature, and continuing the renowned Trübner's Oriental Series. Independent operations ceased in 1911 when the company was financially restructured and consolidated into George Routledge & Sons (now a core part of the modern Routledge imprint under the Taylor & Francis Group).